Application programs running inside R/3 are written using SAP's proprietary programming language
ABAP.
Netweaver as (Application server) combines which SAP calls two "personalities " because Webdynpro (pronounced web din pro ) for ABAP and Webdynpro for java use the same meta model.
Webdynpro components, views , models, and conytrollers have the same semantic in both ABAP and JAVA.
The main difference is design time environment, the developement infrastructure and the run time environment.